My mother Rosl was born in Cieszanow, Austrian Galicia, in 1914. Her parents fled from there to escape the Russian army to Vienna in 1915. She became an Austrian citizen and was studying psychology at Vienna when the Nazis invaded and she and her widowed mother were forced to become refugees for a second time, going to London in 1938, where met my father. He was an English industrial chemist who had a job in a metallurgical firm run by anti-Nazi refugees, mostly Jewish.
She travelled with her friend Trude Falk whose parents stayed behind and died in the Lodz ghetto in 1942.
Rosl died in 1974 and my father later remarried with Trude.